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I'm leaving, but where to?

CHAPTER 2 – MY EARLY YEARS

GLASFRAGMENT MIT JUGENDLICHEM PAULUS, 5. Jahrhundert n. Chr., Glas/Schliffglas, Archäologisches Museum der Universität Münster, Inv.-Nr. 2476, © Archäologisches Museum der Universität Münster, Photo: Robert Dylka
GLASFRAGMENT MIT JUGENDLICHEM PAULUS, 5. Jahrhundert n. Chr., Glas/Schliffglas, Archäologisches Museum der Universität Münster, Inv.-Nr. 2476, © Archäologisches Museum der Universität Münster, Photo: Robert Dylka

Die Hauptquelle für das Leben des Paulus ist die Apostelgeschichte. Laut dieser stammt Paulus aus Tarsus, einer Handels- und Hafenstadt in der heutigen Türkei. Ihre Einwohnerzahl lag mit 300.000 ungefähr bei der des heutigen Münsters. Tarsus war römische Provinzhauptstadt. Kulturelle Einflüsse kamen aus Griechenland und Vorderasien. Der Autor Strabon (ca. 63 v. Chr. – nach 23 n. Chr.) hebt die hohe Bildung, die Rolle der Philosophie und der Redekunst in der Stadt hervor.

Die Apostelgeschichte erwähnt auch den hebräischen Namen von Paulus: Saulus. In seinen Selbstzeugnissen nennt er sich nur Paulus. Als Sohn einer jüdischen Familie geht er nach Jerusalem, um sich dort beim berühmten Rabbi Gamaliel ausbilden zu lassen. In Jerusalem tritt Paulus auch das erste Mal in der Apostelgeschichte auf: bei der Steinigung des Stephanus, einem Mitglied der christlichen Urgemeinde. Die Zeugen legen laut Lukas ihre Kleidung zu Füßen eines Saulus ab. Dieser war mit der Steinigung einverstanden (Apg 8,1).

Togatus

Paul says: "But I was born a Roman" (Acts 22:28). He does not mean that he was born in Rome itself. Paul is referring to the Roman citizenship that…

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Tarsian Coins

In Tarsus, different traditions and influences converge. This is also reflected on the coins of the city. They depict the locally significant god…

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Jeremia II, Prophet aus dem ehem. Hochaltarretabel Münster, um 1380/90, Domschatz Münster, Inv.-Nrn. E.20, Photo: Stephan Kube, D-48268 Greven

Busts of the Prophets from the former High Altar Retable

Paulus is born into a Jewish family and raised in the Jewish faith. Judaism at the time of Paulus consists of various groups. Among them, the…

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Glass Fragment with a Young Paul

This shard is a rim fragment of an ancient round cut-glass bowl. Motifs are carved into the glass surface by grinding or cutting. The pictorial field…

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St. Stephen from the former rood screen of St. Paul's Cathedral

The Apostles choose seven deacons as helpers for their community in Jerusalem, including Stephen. His Christian convictions lead to conflict with…

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Epistolary with book cover depicting the Stoning of Saint Stephen

The book cover depicts the stoning focused on three figures: the stone-thrower with his arm raised high, Stephen sinking to the ground, and Paul…

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Stone of the Stoning of Stephen

According to tradition, the bones of Stephen were buried by the two Pharisees Gamaliel and Nicodemus. Gamaliel was the teacher under whom Paul…

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Reliquienkreuz Münster, 1. Viertel 11. Jahrhundert; Montage auf Bergkristall: 13. Jahrhundert, Inv.-Nr. E.5, Photo: Dr. Michael Reuter

Reliquary Monstrance

Stephen is considered the first follower of Christ to have died for his faith. He is therefore also called Arch- or Proto- (for first) Martyr.

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Reliquary Cross

Even in the time of Liudger, the first Bishop of Münster (†805), Stephen was a popular saint. His relics can already be documented in one of the…

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Paul Window in the High Choir

Through his participation in the stoning, an inseparable bond is created between Paul and Stephen. Already Augustine (354–430) emphasizes the…

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